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Diagnostic properties of total and free prostate-specific antigen to predict overall and clinically significant prostate cancer among men with low testosterone and prior negative biopsy.

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Published:13th Nov 2019
Author: Schwarzman LS, Pagani RL, Ohlander SJ, Mima M, Abern MR, Andriole GL et al.
Source: Urology
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Ref.:Urology. 2019. pii: S0090-4295(19)30972-0.
DOI:10.1016/j.urology.2019.11.004
Objective: To evaluate whether total serum PSA, free-PSA ratio and PSA density have similar diagnostic properties for detecting prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically-significant (cs) PCa in men with normal testosterone compared to men with low testosterone with a prior negative biopsy.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 3,295 men undergoing a 2-year prostate biopsy following a negative pre-study biopsy in the placebo arm of the Reduction by Dutasteride of PCa Events (REDUCE) study. Men were divided in two groups based on testosterone level < or ≥ 300ng/dL. Diagnostic properties of total serum PSA, free-PSA ratio and PSA density to predict PCa and csPCa, defined as Gleason score ≥ 7, were determined for several thresholds and plotted as receiver operator characteristic curves.

Results: A total of 603 men (18.3%) had low testosterone. The prevalence of PCa and csPCa was 92 (15.3%) and 27 (4.5%), respectively, for low testosterone men compared to 458 (17.0%) and 138 (5.1%), correspondingly, for normal testosterone men. Total PSA, free-PSA ratio and PSA density showed similar sensitivity, specificity and accuracy to predict PCa and csPCa among low testosterone men compared to normal testosterone men.

Conclusions: Among subjects in a clinical trial with a prior negative biopsy, total PSA, free-PSA ratio and PSA density have comparable diagnostic characteristics for PCa screening in low and normal testosterone men.

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