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Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is associated with high morbidity and mortality.

As a calcium sensitizer and inodilator that augments cardiac contractility without increasing myocardial oxygen demand or exacerbating ischaemia, levosimendan may be well configured to deliver inotropic support in cases of acute heart failure (AHF).

Aims: The LION-HEART study was a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of intravenous administration of intermittent doses of levosimendan in outpatients with advanced chronic heart failure.

Intermittent levosimendan improved LVEF and decreased hospitalizations in advanced heart failure and represents a therapeutic option for patients whose disease is worsening.

Aims: Levosimendan improves haemodynamics in acute decompensated heart failure (HF). However, it is increasingly used for repetitive or intermittent infusions in advanced but stable chronic HF, without clear indication...

The primary aim of this review was to examine the clinical outcomes of levosimendan versus placebo in patients with preoperative low LVEF ≤ 50% undergoing cardiac surgery

Pulmonary hypertension is a multifactorial disease with a high morbidity and mortality.

Despite using vasoactive and PH specific therapies, the in-hospital mortality of severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) with right heart failure (RHF) is high.

The longer survival of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy due to advances in clinical care has increased the incidence of Duchenne muscular dystrophy-associated cardiomyopathy, a nearly consistent feature in the third decade...

Inotropes may be an appropriate treatment for patients with advanced heart failure (AdHF) who remain highly symptomatic despite optimized standard therapies.