Airway remodelling refers to the structural changes that occur in both large and small airways relevant to miscellaneous diseases including asthma. In asthma, airway structural changes include subepithelial fibrosis, increased smooth...
Asthma is characterised by chronic airway inflammation, airway obstruction and hyper-responsiveness. The inflammatory cascade in asthma comprises a complex interplay of genetic factors, the airway epithelium, and dysregulation...
Given the relationship between allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma, it can be hypothesized that reducing inflammation in the upper airway with intranasal corticosteroid (INCS) medications may improve asthma outcomes.
An important advance in our understanding of the pathophysiology of asthma has been the discovery that airway inflammation is not confined to severe asthma but also characterizes mild and moderate asthma.
Asthma is the most common inflammatory disease of the lungs. The prevalence of asthma is increasing in many parts of the world that have adopted aspects of the Western lifestyle, and the disease poses a substantial global health and...
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition, which is highly prevalent worldwide. Although no cure is currently available, it is well recognized that some asthma patients can spontaneously enter remission of the disease later in life.
IL-5 is a key cytokine responsible for the maturation, recruitment and survival of eosinophils. The role of eosinophils in pathomechanisms of severe asthma and association of those cells with frequent exacerbations are well accepted.
Asthma research has focused primarily on allergic pathways on the basis that the majority of asthma is associated with atopy, the recruitment of the Th2-type T cell, the cytokines, and the chemokines that are released on exposure to...
Areas covered: Severe asthmatics represent a distinct phenotype with their mixed pattern of neutrophilic-eosinophilic infiltration and glucocorticoid insensitivity making them refractory to currently available therapies.
Guidelines for the management of severe asthma do not emphasize the measurement of the inflammatory component of airway disease to indicate appropriate treatments or to monitor response to treatment.