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FDA Drug information

Trazodone Hydrochloride

Read time: 1 mins
Marketing start date: 06 Oct 2024

Summary of product characteristics


Adverse Reactions

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following serious adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling: • Clinical Worsening and Suicide Risk [see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] • Serotonin Syndrome or NMS-like Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] • QT Prolongation and Risk of Sudden Death [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] • Orthostatic Hypotension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ] • Abnormal bleeding events [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] • Priapism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9) ] • Hyponatremia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10) ] • Cognitive and Motor Impairment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.11) ] • Discontinuation symptoms [see Warnings and Precautions (5.13) ] The most common adverse reactions (reported in ≥ 5% and at twice the rate of placebo) are: Somnolence/sedation, dizziness, constipation, vision blurred. Table 2 presents the summary of adverse events (AEs) leading to discontinuation of trazodone hydrochloride tablets treatment with an incidence of at least 1% and at least twice that for placebo. Table 2: Adverse Reactions with Discontinuation as Action Taken (≥ 1%) Incidence and Incidence 2x Placebo Trazodone N = 202 Somnolence/Sedation 8 (4.0%) Dizziness 7 (3.5%) Confusional state 2 (1.0%) Coordination abnormal 2 (1.0%) Headache 2 (1.0%) Nausea 2 (1.0%) Balance disorder/Gait disturbance 2 (1.0%) Most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 5% and twice that of placebo) are: somnolence/sedation, dizziness, constipation, vision blurred ( 6 ). To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Qualitest Pharmaceuticals at 1-800-444-4011 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Studies Experience The table below is presented solely to indicate the relative frequency of adverse events reported in representative controlled clinical studies conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of trazodone hydrochloride. The figures cited cannot be used to predict concisely the incidence of untoward events in the course of usual medical practice where patient characteristics and other factors often differ from those which prevailed in the clinical trials. These incidence figures, also, cannot be compared with those obtained from other clinical studies involving related drug products and placebo as each group of drug trials is conducted under a different set of conditions. Table 3: Adverse Reactions: Percentage of Patients (> 2%) as Observed in Controlled Clinical Studies Inpatients Outpatients Trazodone Placebo Trazodone Placebo Number of Patients 142 95 157 158 % of Patients Reporting Allergic Skin Condition/Edema 2.8 1.1 7 1.3 Autonomic Blurred Vision 6.3 4.2 14.7 3.8 Constipation 7 4.2 7.6 5.7 Dry Mouth 14.8 8.4 33.8 20.3 Cardiovascular Hypertension 2.1 1.1 1.3 Incidence less than 1% Hypotension 7 1.1 3.8 0 Shortness of Breath 1.1 1.3 0 Syncope 2.8 2.1 4.5 1.3 Tachycardia/Palpitations 0 0 7 7 CNS Anger/Hostility 3.5 6.3 1.3 2.5 Confusion 4.9 0 5.7 7.6 Decreased Concentration 2.8 2.1 1.3 0 Disorientation 2.1 0 0 Dizziness/Light-headedness 19.7 5.3 28 15.2 Drowsiness 23.9 6.3 40.8 19.6 Excitement 1.4 1.1 5.1 5.7 Fatigue 11.3 4.2 5.7 2.5 Headache 9.9 5.3 19.8 15.8 Insomnia 9.9 10.5 6.4 12 Impaired Memory 1.4 0 Nervousness 14.8 10.5 6.4 8.2 Gastrointestinal Abdominal/Gastric Disorder 3.5 4.2 5.7 4.4 Bad Taste in Mouth 1.4 0 0 0 Diarrhea 0 1.1 4.5 1.9 Nausea/Vomiting 9.9 1.1 12.7 9.5 Musculoskeletal Musculoskeletal Aches/Pains 5.6 3.2 5.1 2.5 Neurological Incoordination 4.9 0 1.9 0 Paresthesia 1.4 0 0 Tremors 2.8 1.1 5.1 3.8 Sexual Function Decreased Libido 1.1 1.3 Other Decreased Appetite 3.5 5.3 0 Eyes Red/Tired/Itching 2.8 0 0 0 Head Full-Heavy 2.8 0 0 0 Malaise 2.8 0 0 0 Nasal/Sinus Congestion 2.8 0 5.7 3.2 Nightmares/Vivid Dreams 1.1 5.1 5.7 Sweating/Clamminess 1.4 1.1 Tinnitus 1.4 0 0 Weight Gain 1.4 0 4.5 1.9 Weight Loss 3.2 5.7 2.5 Occasional sinus bradycardia has occurred in long-term studies. In addition to the relatively common (i.e., greater than 1%) untoward events enumerated above, the following adverse events have been reported to occur in association with the use of trazodone hydrochloride in the controlled clinical studies: akathisia, allergic reaction, anemia, chest pain, delayed urine flow, early menses, flatulence, hallucinations/delusions, hematuria, hyper-salivation, hypomania, impaired speech, impotence, increased appetite, increased libido, increased urinary frequency, missed periods, muscle twitches, numbness, and retrograde ejaculation. 6.2 Postmarketing Experience Spontaneous reports regarding trazodone hydrochloride received from postmarketing experience include the following: abnormal dreams, agitation, alopecia, anxiety, aphasia, apnea, ataxia, breast enlargement or engorgement, cardiospasm, cerebrovascular accident, chills, cholestasis, clitorism, congestive heart failure, diplopia, edema, extrapyramidal symptoms, grand mal seizures, hallucinations, hemolytic anemia, hirsutism, hyperbilirubinemia, increased amylase, increased salivation, insomnia, leukocytosis, leukonychia, jaundice, lactation, liver enzyme alterations, methemoglobinemia, nausea/vomiting (most frequently), paresthesia, paranoid reaction, priapism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9) and Patient Counseling Information (17.1) ], pruritus, psoriasis, psychosis, rash, stupor, inappropriate ADH syndrome, tardive dyskinesia, unexplained death, urinary incontinence, urinary retention, urticaria, vasodilation, vertigo, and weakness. Cardiovascular system effects which have been reported include the following: conduction block, orthostatic hypotension and syncope, palpitations, bradycardia, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, arrhythmia, ventricular ectopic activity, including ventricular tachycardia and QT prolongation. In postmarketing surveillance, prolonged QT interval, Torsades de Pointes, and ventricular tachycardia have been reported with the immediate-release form of trazodone at doses of 100 mg per day or less [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ].

Contraindications

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS None. None ( 4 ).

Description

11 DESCRIPTION Trazodone hydrochloride is a triazolopyridine. It is a white, odorless crystalline powder which is freely soluble in water. Chemical Name: 2-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]propyl]-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3(2 H )-one hydrochloride Structural Formula: Molecular Formula: C 19 H 22 ClN 5 O•HCl Molecular Weight: 408.32 Each tablet, for oral administration, contains 50 mg or 100 mg of trazodone hydrochloride, USP. In addition, each tablet contains hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, polydextrose, polyethylene glycol, povidone, pregelatinized corn starch, silicon dioxide, and titanium dioxide. This is the structural formula for Trazodone Hydrochloride.

Dosage And Administration

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION The dosage should be initiated at a low-dose and increased gradually, noting the clinical response and any evidence of intolerance. Occurrence of drowsiness may require the administration of a major portion of the daily dose at bedtime or a reduction of dosage. Trazodone hydrochloride tablets should be taken shortly after a meal or light snack. Dose Selection An initial dose of 150 mg/day in divided doses is suggested. The dose may be increased by 50 mg/day every 3 to 4 days. The maximum dose for outpatients usually should not exceed 400 mg/day in divided doses. Inpatients (i.e., more severely depressed patients) may be given up to but not in excess of 600 mg/day in divided doses. • Once an adequate response has been achieved, dosage may be gradually reduced, with subsequent adjustment depending on therapeutic response. • Patients should be monitored for withdrawal symptoms when discontinuing treatment with trazodone hydrochloride. The dose should be gradually reduced whenever possible [see Warnings and Precautions (5.13) ]. Maintenance Treatment The efficacy of trazodone hydrochloride tablets for the maintenance treatment of MDD has not been evaluated. While there is no body of evidence available to answer the question of how long a patient treated with trazodone hydrochloride tablets should continue the drug, it is generally recommended that treatment be continued for several months after an initial response. Patients should be maintained on the lowest effective dose and be periodically reassessed to determine the continued need for maintenance treatment. Important Administration Instructions Trazodone hydrochloride tablets are scored to provide flexibility in dosing. Trazodone hydrochloride tablets can be swallowed whole or administered as a half tablet by breaking the tablet along the score line. • Starting dose: 150 mg in divided doses daily. May be increased by 50 mg per day every three to four days. Maximum dose: 400 mg per day in divided doses ( 2 ). • Trazodone hydrochloride tablets should be taken shortly after a meal or light snack ( 2 ). • Tablets should be swallowed whole or broken in half along the score line, and should not be chewed or crushed ( 2 ). • When discontinued, gradual dose reduction is recommended ( 2 ).

Indications And Usage

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Trazodone hydrochloride tablets USP are indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults. The efficacy of trazodone hydrochloride tablets has been established in trials with the immediate release formulation of trazodone [see Clinical Studies (14) ] . Trazodone hydrochloride tablets USP are indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder ( 1 ). • Efficacy was established in trials of trazodone immediate release formulation in patients with major depressive disorder ( 14 ).

Abuse

9.2 Abuse Although trazodone hydrochloride has not been systematically studied in preclinical or clinical studies for its potential for abuse, no indication of drug-seeking behavior was seen in the clinical studies with trazodone hydrochloride. However, it is difficult to predict the extent to which a CNS-active drug will be misused, diverted, and abused. Consequently, physicians should carefully evaluate patients for a history of drug abuse and follow such patients closely, observing them for signs of misuse or abuse of trazodone hydrochloride (e.g., development of tolerance, incrementation of dose, drug-seeking behavior).

Controlled Substance

9.1 Controlled Substance Trazodone hydrochloride tablets are not a controlled substance.

Drug Abuse And Dependence

9 DRUG ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE 9.1 Controlled Substance Trazodone hydrochloride tablets are not a controlled substance. 9.2 Abuse Although trazodone hydrochloride has not been systematically studied in preclinical or clinical studies for its potential for abuse, no indication of drug-seeking behavior was seen in the clinical studies with trazodone hydrochloride. However, it is difficult to predict the extent to which a CNS-active drug will be misused, diverted, and abused. Consequently, physicians should carefully evaluate patients for a history of drug abuse and follow such patients closely, observing them for signs of misuse or abuse of trazodone hydrochloride (e.g., development of tolerance, incrementation of dose, drug-seeking behavior).

Overdosage

10 OVERDOSAGE 10.1 Human Experience Death from overdose has occurred in patients ingesting trazodone and other CNS depressant drugs concurrently (alcohol; alcohol and chloral hydrate and diazepam; amobarbital; chlordiazepoxide; or meprobamate). The most severe reactions reported to have occurred with overdose of trazodone alone have been priapism, respiratory arrest, seizures, and ECG changes, including QT prolongation. The reactions reported most frequently have been drowsiness and vomiting. Overdosage may cause an increase in incidence or severity of any of the reported adverse reactions. 10.2 Management of Overdose There is no specific antidote for trazodone hydrochloride overdose. Treatment should consist of those general measures employed in the management of overdosage with any drug effective in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Ensure an adequate airway, oxygenation and ventilation. Monitor cardiac rhythm and vital signs. General supportive and symptomatic measures are also recommended. Induction of emesis is not recommended. Gastric lavage with a large bore orogastric tube with appropriate airway protection, if needed, may be indicated if performed soon after ingestion, or in symptomatic patients. Activated charcoal should be administered. Forced diuresis may be useful in facilitating elimination of the drug. In managing overdosage, consider the possibility of multiple drug involvement. The physician should consider contacting a poison control center for additional information on the treatment of any overdose.

Adverse Reactions Table

Table 2: Adverse Reactions with Discontinuation as Action Taken (≥ 1%) Incidence and Incidence 2x Placebo

Trazodone

N = 202

Somnolence/Sedation

8 (4.0%)

Dizziness

7 (3.5%)

Confusional state

2 (1.0%)

Coordination abnormal

2 (1.0%)

Headache

2 (1.0%)

Nausea

2 (1.0%)

Balance disorder/Gait disturbance

2 (1.0%)

Drug Interactions

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS MAOIs MAOIs should not be used within 14 days of trazodone [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8) ] . Central Nervous System (CNS) Depressants Trazodone may enhance the response to alcohol, barbiturates, and other CNS depressants. Cytochrome P450 3A4 Inhibitors In vitro drug metabolism studies suggest that there is a potential for drug interactions when trazodone is given with cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibitors. The effect of short-term administration of ritonavir (200 mg twice daily, 4 doses) on the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of trazodone (50 mg) has been studied in 10 healthy subjects. The C max of trazodone increased by 34%, the AUC increased 2.4-fold, the half-life increased by 2.2-fold, and the clearance decreased by 52%. Adverse effects including nausea, hypotension, and syncope were observed when ritonavir and trazodone were co-administered. It is likely that ketoconazole, indinavir, and other CYP3A4 inhibitors such as itraconazole may lead to substantial increases in trazodone plasma concentrations with the potential for adverse effects. If trazodone is used with a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor, the risk of cardiac arrhythmia may be increased [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] and a lower dose of trazodone should be considered. Cytochrome P450 Inducers (e.g., carbamazepine) Carbamazepine induces CYP3A4. Following co-administration of carbamazepine 400 mg per day with trazodone 100 mg to 300 mg daily, carbamazepine reduced plasma concentrations of trazodone and m-chlorophenlypiperazine (an active metabolite) by 76% and 60% respectively, compared to pre-carbamazepine values. Patients should be closely monitored to see if there is a need for an increased dose of trazodone when taking both drugs. Digoxin and Phenytoin Increased serum digoxin or phenytoin levels have been reported in patients receiving trazodone concurrently with either of these drugs. Monitor serum levels and adjust dosages as needed. Serotonergic Drugs Based on the mechanism of action of trazodone and the potential for serotonin syndrome, caution is advised when trazodone is co-administered with other drugs that may affect the neurotransmitter systems [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ]. NSAIDs, Aspirin, or Other Drugs Affecting Coagulation or Bleeding Due to a possible association between serotonin modulating drugs and gastrointestinal bleeding, patients should be monitored for and cautioned about the potential risk of bleeding associated with the concomitant use of trazodone and NSAIDs, aspirin, or other drugs that affect coagulation or bleeding [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ]. Warfarin There have been reports of altered (either increased or decreased) prothrombin times in taking both warfarin and trazodone. • CNS Depressants: Trazodone may enhance effects of alcohol, barbiturates, or other CNS depressants ( 7 ). • CYP3A4 Inhibitors: May necessitate lower dose of trazodone hydrochloride tablets ( 7 ). • CYP3A4 Inducers (e.g., carbamazepine): May necessitate higher dose of trazodone hydrochloride tablets ( 7 ). • Digoxin or Phenytoin: Monitor for increased serum levels ( 7 ). • Warfarin: Monitor for increased or decreased prothrombin time ( 7 ).

Clinical Pharmacology

12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 12.1 Mechanism of Action The mechanism of trazodone’s antidepressant action is not fully understood, but is thought to be related to its potentiation of serotonergic activity in the CNS. 12.2 Pharmacodynamics Preclinical studies have shown that trazodone selectively inhibits neuronal reuptake of serotonin and acts as an antagonist at 5-HT-2A/2C serotonin receptors. Trazodone is not a monoamine oxidase inhibitor and, unlike amphetamine-type drugs, does not stimulate the central nervous system. Trazodone antagonizes alpha 1-adrenergic receptors, a property which may be associated with postural hypotension. 12.3 Pharmacokinetics Absorption In humans, trazodone hydrochloride is well absorbed after oral administration without selective localization in any tissue. When trazodone hydrochloride is taken shortly after ingestion of food, there may be an increase in the amount of drug absorbed, a decrease in maximum concentration and a lengthening in the time to maximum concentration. Peak plasma levels occur approximately one hour after dosing when trazodone hydrochloride is taken on an empty stomach or 2 hours after dosing when taken with food. Metabolism In vitro studies in human liver microsomes show that trazodone is metabolized, via oxidative cleavage, to an active metabolite, m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) by CYP3A4. Other metabolic pathways that may be involved in the metabolism of trazodone have not been well characterized. Trazodone is extensively metabolized; less than 1% of an oral dose is excreted unchanged in the urine. Elimination In some patients trazodone may accumulate in the plasma. Protein Binding Trazodone is 89 to 95% protein bound in vitro at concentrations attained with therapeutic doses in humans.

Mechanism Of Action

12.1 Mechanism of Action The mechanism of trazodone’s antidepressant action is not fully understood, but is thought to be related to its potentiation of serotonergic activity in the CNS.

Pharmacodynamics

12.2 Pharmacodynamics Preclinical studies have shown that trazodone selectively inhibits neuronal reuptake of serotonin and acts as an antagonist at 5-HT-2A/2C serotonin receptors. Trazodone is not a monoamine oxidase inhibitor and, unlike amphetamine-type drugs, does not stimulate the central nervous system. Trazodone antagonizes alpha 1-adrenergic receptors, a property which may be associated with postural hypotension.

Pharmacokinetics

12.3 Pharmacokinetics Absorption In humans, trazodone hydrochloride is well absorbed after oral administration without selective localization in any tissue. When trazodone hydrochloride is taken shortly after ingestion of food, there may be an increase in the amount of drug absorbed, a decrease in maximum concentration and a lengthening in the time to maximum concentration. Peak plasma levels occur approximately one hour after dosing when trazodone hydrochloride is taken on an empty stomach or 2 hours after dosing when taken with food. Metabolism In vitro studies in human liver microsomes show that trazodone is metabolized, via oxidative cleavage, to an active metabolite, m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) by CYP3A4. Other metabolic pathways that may be involved in the metabolism of trazodone have not been well characterized. Trazodone is extensively metabolized; less than 1% of an oral dose is excreted unchanged in the urine. Elimination In some patients trazodone may accumulate in the plasma. Protein Binding Trazodone is 89 to 95% protein bound in vitro at concentrations attained with therapeutic doses in humans.

Effective Time

20191101

Version

3

Dosage Forms And Strengths

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Trazodone hydrochloride tablets are available in the following strengths: 50 mg - white, film-coated, round, convex, scored tablets, debossed “61” bisect “60” on one side and debossed “V” on the reverse side. 100 mg - white, film-coated, round, convex, scored tablets, debossed “61” bisect “61” on one side and debossed “V” on the reverse side. Scored tablets of 50 mg and 100 mg ( 3 ).

Spl Product Data Elements

Trazodone Hydrochloride Trazodone Hydrochloride TRAZODONE HYDROCHLORIDE TRAZODONE HYPROMELLOSE, UNSPECIFIED LACTOSE MONOHYDRATE MAGNESIUM STEARATE POLYDEXTROSE POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL, UNSPECIFIED POVIDONE, UNSPECIFIED STARCH, CORN SILICON DIOXIDE TITANIUM DIOXIDE 61;60;V

Carcinogenesis And Mutagenesis And Impairment Of Fertility

13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility No drug- or dose-related occurrence of carcinogenesis was evident in rats receiving trazodone in daily oral doses up to 300 mg/kg for 18 months.

Nonclinical Toxicology

13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility No drug- or dose-related occurrence of carcinogenesis was evident in rats receiving trazodone in daily oral doses up to 300 mg/kg for 18 months.

Application Number

ANDA072192

Brand Name

Trazodone Hydrochloride

Generic Name

Trazodone Hydrochloride

Product Ndc

63187-680

Product Type

HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG

Route

ORAL

Package Label Principal Display Panel

PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 50 mg 63187-680-90

Recent Major Changes

Warnings and Precautions ( 5.12 ) 06/2014

Spl Unclassified Section

Manufactured for: QUALITEST PHARMACEUTICALS Huntsville, AL 35811 Repackaged by: PROFICIENT RX LP Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 8183136 Revised: 08/2015 R6

Information For Patients

​ 17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION See Medication Guide (17.2) . 17.1 Information for Patients Prescribers or other health professionals should inform patients, their families, and their caregivers about the benefits and risks associated with treatment with trazodone hydrochloride and should counsel them in its appropriate use. Patients should be warned that: • There is a potential for increased risk of suicidal thoughts especially in children, teenagers and young adults. • The following symptoms should be reported to the physician: anxiety, agitation, panic attacks, insomnia, irritability, hostility, aggressiveness, impulsivity, akathisia, hypomania and mania. • They should inform their physician if they have a history of bipolar disorder, cardiac disease or myocardial infarction. • Serotonin syndrome could occur and symptoms may include changes in mental status (e.g., agitation, hallucinations, and coma), autonomic instability (e.g., tachycardia, labile blood pressure, and hyperthermia), neuromuscular aberrations (e.g., hyperreflexia, incoordination) and/or gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea). • Trazodone hydrochloride has been associated with the occurrence of priapism. • There is a potential for hypotension, including orthostatic hypotension and syncope. • There is a potential risk of bleeding (including life-threatening hemorrhages) and bleeding related events (including ecchymosis, hematoma, epistaxis, and petechiae) with the concomitant use of trazodone hydrochloride and NSAIDs, aspirin, or other drugs that affect coagulation or bleeding. • Withdrawal symptoms including anxiety, agitation and sleep disturbances, have been reported with trazodone. Clinical experience suggests that the dose should be gradually reduced. • Patients should be advised that taking trazodone hydrochloride tablets can cause mild pupillary dilation, which in susceptible individuals, can lead to an episode of angle-closure glaucoma. Pre-existing glaucoma is almost always open-angle glaucoma because angle-closure glaucoma, when diagnosed, can be treated definitively with iridectomy. Open-angle glaucoma is not a risk factor for angle-closure glaucoma. Patients may wish to be examined to determine whether they are susceptible to angle-closure, and have a prophylactic procedure (e.g., iridectomy), if they are susceptible. [see Warnings and Precautions (5.12 ) ] Patients should be counseled that: • Trazodone may cause somnolence or sedation and may impair the mental and/or physical ability required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks. Patients should be cautioned about operating hazardous machinery, including automobiles until they are reasonably certain that the drug treatment does not affect them. • Trazodone may enhance the response to alcohol, barbiturates, and other CNS depressants. • Women who intend to become pregnant or who are breastfeeding should discuss with a physician whether they should continue to use trazodone, since use in pregnant and nursing women is not recommended. Important Administration Instructions: • Trazodone hydrochloride tablets should be swallowed whole or broken in half along the score line. • Trazodone hydrochloride tablets should be taken shortly after a meal or light snack.

Spl Medguide

17.2 Medication Guide Read the Medication Guide that comes with trazodone hydrochloride tablets before you start taking it and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This information does not take the place of talking to your healthcare provider about your medical condition or treatment. Talk to your healthcare provider or pharmacist if there is something you do not understand or you want to learn about trazodone hydrochloride tablets. What is the most important information I should know about trazodone hydrochloride tablets? Antidepressant medicines, depression or other serious mental illnesses, and suicidal thoughts or actions: Talk to your healthcare provider about: • All risks and benefits of treatment with antidepressant medicines • All treatment choices for depression or other serious mental illnesses 1. Antidepressant medicines may increase suicidal thoughts or actions in some children, teenagers, and young adults within the first few months of treatment . 2. Depression and other serious mental illnesses are the most important causes of suicidal thoughts and actions . Some people may have a higher risk of having suicidal thoughts or actions . These include people who have or have a family history of bipolar illness (also called manic-depressive illness) or suicidal thoughts or actions. 3. How can I watch for and try to prevent suicidal thoughts and actions? • Pay close attention to any changes, especially sudden changes in mood, behaviors, thoughts, or feelings. This is very important when an antidepressant medicine is started or when the dose is changed. • Call your healthcare provider right away to report new or sudden changes in mood, behavior, thoughts or feelings. • Keep all follow-up visits with your healthcare provider as scheduled. Call your healthcare provider between visits as needed, especially if you are worried about symptoms. Call a healthcare provider right away if you have any of the following symptoms, especially if they are new, worse, or worry you: • Thoughts about suicide or dying • Attempts to commit suicide • New or worse depression • New or worse anxiety • Feeling very agitated or restless • Panic attacks • Trouble sleeping (insomnia) • New or worse irritability • Acting aggressive, being angry or violent • Acting on dangerous impulses • An extreme increase in activity and talking (mania) • Other unusual changes in behavior or mood 4 . Visual problems: • eye pain • changes in vision • swelling or redness in or around the eye Only some people are at risk for these problems. You may want to undergo an eye examination to see if you are at risk and receive preventative treatment if you are. What else do I need to know about antidepressant medicines? Never stop an antidepressant medicine without first talking to a healthcare provider . Stopping an antidepressant medicine suddenly can cause other symptoms. Antidepressants are medicines used to treat depression and other illnesses. It is important to discuss all the risks of treating depression and also the risks of not treating it. You should discuss all treatment choices with your healthcare provider, not just the use of antidepressants. Antidepressant medicines have other side effects . Talk to your healthcare provider about the side effects of your medicines. Antidepressant medicines can interact with other medicines. Know all of the medicines that you take. Keep a list of all medicines to show your healthcare provider. Do not start new medicines without first checking with your healthcare provider. 5. Trazodone hydrochloride tablets are not approved for use in children. Talk to your healthcare provider for more information. What are trazodone hydrochloride tablets? Trazodone hydrochloride tablets are a prescription medicine used to treat major depressive disorder in adults. What should I tell my healthcare provider before taking trazodone hydrochloride tablets? Before you take trazodone hydrochloride tablets tell your healthcare provider if you: • have heart problems, including QT prolongation or a family history of it • have ever had a heart attack • have bipolar disorder • have liver or kidney problems • have other serious medical conditions • are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Trazodone hydrochloride tablets may harm your unborn baby. Talk to your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. • are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if trazodone hydrochloride passes into your breast milk. You and your healthcare provider should decide if you will take trazodone hydrochloride tablets or breastfeed. • have taken a Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) or if you have stopped taking an MAOI in the last 2 weeks. Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take , including prescription and non-prescription medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Using trazodone hydrochloride tablets with certain other medicines can affect each other causing serious side effects. Know the medicines you take. Keep a list of them and show it to your healthcare provider and pharmacist when you get a new medicine. How should I take trazodone hydrochloride tablets? • Take trazodone hydrochloride tablets exactly as your healthcare provider tells you. • Trazodone hydrochloride tablets should be taken shortly after a meal or light snack. • If you feel drowsy after taking trazodone hydrochloride tablets, talk to your healthcare provider. Your healthcare provider may change your dose or the time of day you take your trazodone hydrochloride tablets. • Do not stop taking trazodone hydrochloride tablets without talking to your healthcare provider. • Trazodone hydrochloride tablets should be swallowed whole or broken in half along the score line. Do not chew or crush trazodone hydrochloride tablets. Tell your healthcare provider if you cannot swallow trazodone either whole or as a half tablet. • If you take too much trazodone hydrochloride, call your doctor or go to the nearest emergency room right away. What should I avoid while taking trazodone hydrochloride tablets? • Do not drive, operate heavy machinery, or do other dangerous activities until you know how trazodone hydrochloride tablets affects you. Trazodone hydrochloride tablets can slow your thinking and motor skills. • Do not drink alcohol or take other medicines that make you sleepy or dizzy while taking trazodone hydrochloride tablets until you talk with your healthcare provider. Trazodone hydrochloride tablets may make your sleepiness or dizziness worse if you take it with alcohol or other medicines that cause sleepiness or dizziness. What are the possible side effects of trazodone hydrochloride tablets? Trazodone hydrochloride tablets can cause serious side effects or death. See “What is the most important information I should know about trazodone hydrochloride tablets?” Serious side effects include: • Serotonin syndrome. Symptoms of serotonin syndrome include: agitation, hallucinations, problems with coordination, fast heartbeat, tight muscles, trouble walking, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. • Feeling high or in a very good mood, then becoming irritable, or having too much energy, feeling like you have to keep talking or do not sleep (Mania). • Irregular or fast heartbeat or faint (QT prolongation). • Low blood pressure. You feel dizzy or faint when you change positions (go from sitting to standing). • Unusual bruising or bleeding. • Erection lasting for more than 6 hours (Priapism). • Low sodium in your blood (Hyponatremia). Symptoms of hyponatremia include: headache, feeling weak, feeling confused, trouble concentrating, memory problems and feeling unsteady when you walk. • Withdrawal symptoms. Symptoms of withdrawal can include anxiety, agitation, and sleep problems. Do not stop taking trazodone hydrochloride tablets without talking to your healthcare provider. Get medical help right away, if you have any of the symptoms listed above. The most common side effects of trazodone hydrochloride tablets include: • Sleepiness • Dizziness • Constipation • Blurry vision Tell your healthcare provider if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away. These are not all the possible side effects of trazodone hydrochloride tablets. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist . Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. How should I store trazodone hydrochloride tablets? • Store trazodone hydrochloride tablets between 68°F to 77°F (20° C to 25°C). • Keep in tight container • Keep out of the light • Safely throw away medicine that is out of date or no longer needed. Keep trazodone hydrochloride tablets and all medicines out of the reach of children. General information about the safe and effective use of trazodone hydrochloride tablets. Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Medication Guide. Do not use trazodone hydrochloride tablets for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give trazodone hydrochloride tablets to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. This Medication Guide summarizes the most important information about trazodone hydrochloride tablets. If you would like more information, talk with your healthcare provider. You can ask your pharmacist or healthcare provider for information about trazodone hydrochloride tablets that is written for health professionals . What are the ingredients in trazodone hydrochloride tablets? Active ingredient: trazodone hydrochloride, USP Inactive ingredients: hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, polydextrose, polyethylene glycol, povidone, pregelatinized corn starch, silicon dioxide, and titanium dioxide. This Medication Guide has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

Clinical Studies

14 CLINICAL STUDIES The efficacy and safety of trazodone hydrochloride was established from both inpatient and outpatient trials of the trazodone immediate release formulation in the treatment of major depressive disorder.

Geriatric Use

8.5 Geriatric Use Reported clinical literature and experience with trazodone has not identified differences in responses between elderly and younger patients. However, as experience in the elderly with trazodone hydrochloride is limited, it should be used with caution in geriatric patients. Antidepressants have been associated with cases of clinically significant hyponatremia in elderly patients who may be at greater risk for this adverse reaction [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10) ].

Nursing Mothers

8.3 Nursing Mothers Trazodone and/or its metabolites have been found in the milk of lactating rats, suggesting that the drug may be secreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised when trazodone is administered to a nursing woman.

Pediatric Use

8.4 Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness in the pediatric population have not been established [see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ]. Trazodone hydrochloride should not be used in children or adolescents.

Pregnancy

8.1 Pregnancy Pregnancy Category C Trazodone hydrochloride has been shown to cause increased fetal resorption and other adverse effects on the fetus in two studies using the rat when given at dose levels approximately 30 to 50 times the proposed maximum human dose. There was also an increase in congenital anomalies in one of three rabbit studies at approximately 15 to 50 times the maximum human dose. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Trazodone hydrochloride should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Use In Specific Populations

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS • Pregnancy: Based on animal data, may cause fetal harm ( 8.1 ). • Nursing Mothers: Use with caution ( 8.3 ). • Pediatric Patients: Trazodone hydrochloride tablets are not approved in pediatric patients ( 8.4 ). • Renal or Hepatic Impairment: Use with caution ( 8.6 , 8.7 ). 8.1 Pregnancy Pregnancy Category C Trazodone hydrochloride has been shown to cause increased fetal resorption and other adverse effects on the fetus in two studies using the rat when given at dose levels approximately 30 to 50 times the proposed maximum human dose. There was also an increase in congenital anomalies in one of three rabbit studies at approximately 15 to 50 times the maximum human dose. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Trazodone hydrochloride should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. 8.3 Nursing Mothers Trazodone and/or its metabolites have been found in the milk of lactating rats, suggesting that the drug may be secreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised when trazodone is administered to a nursing woman. 8.4 Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness in the pediatric population have not been established [see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ]. Trazodone hydrochloride should not be used in children or adolescents. 8.5 Geriatric Use Reported clinical literature and experience with trazodone has not identified differences in responses between elderly and younger patients. However, as experience in the elderly with trazodone hydrochloride is limited, it should be used with caution in geriatric patients. Antidepressants have been associated with cases of clinically significant hyponatremia in elderly patients who may be at greater risk for this adverse reaction [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10) ]. 8.6 Renal Impairment Trazodone has not been studied in patients with renal impairment. Trazodone should be used with caution in this population. 8.7 Hepatic Impairment Trazodone has not been studied in patients with hepatic impairment. Trazodone should be used with caution in this population.

How Supplied

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Trazodone hydrochloride tablets USP, 50 mg are white, film-coated, round, convex, scored tablets, debossed “61” bisect “60” on one side and debossed “V” on the reverse side. They are available as follows: Bottles of 15: NDC 63187-680-15 Bottles of 30: NDC 63187-680-30 Bottles of 60: NDC 63187-680-60 Bottles of 90: NDC 63187-680-90 Bottles of 100: NDC 63187-680-00 Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Dispense contents with a child-resistant closure (as required) and in a tight, light-resistant container as defined in the USP/NF.

Boxed Warning

WARNING: SUICIDALITY AND ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS Antidepressants increased the risk compared to placebo of suicidal thinking and behavior (suicidality) in children, adolescents, and young adults in short-term studies of major depressive disorder (MDD) and other psychiatric disorders . Anyone considering the use of trazodone hydrochloride tablets or any other antidepressant in a child, adolescent, or young adult must balance this risk with the clinical need . Short-term studies did not show an increase in the risk of suicidality with antidepressants compared to placebo in adults beyond age 24; there was a reduction in risk with antidepressants compared to placebo in adults aged 65 and older . Depression and certain other psychiatric disorders are themselves associated with increases in the risk of suicide . Patients of all ages who are started on antidepressant therapy should be monitored appropriately and observed closely for clinical worsening, suicidality, or unusual changes in behavior . Families and caregivers should be advised of the need for close observation and communication with the prescriber . Trazodone hydrochloride tablets are not approved for use in pediatric patients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Patient Counseling Information (17.1) ] . WARNING: SUICIDALITY AND ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. Increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents and young adults taking antidepressants for major depressive disorder (MDD) and other psychiatric disorders. Trazodone is not approved for use in pediatric patients ( 5.1 ).

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