The clinical course of heart failure is characterised by progressive worsening of cardiac function and symptoms. Patients progress to a condition where traditional treatment is no longer effective and advanced therapies...
Mechanical circulatory support improves survival and quality of life in selected patients with advanced heart failure.
Objective: Depression is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and hospital readmission in patients with heart failure (HF). This systematic review aimed to compile studies examining whether the use of antidepressants...
Inotropes may be an appropriate treatment for patients with advanced heart failure (AdHF) who remain highly symptomatic despite optimized standard therapies.
A hallmark characteristic of chronic HF, associated with either a reduced (HFrEF) or preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), is a markedly reduced capacity for physical exertion.
Aims: Levosimendan improves haemodynamics in acute decompensated heart failure (HF). However, it is increasingly used for repetitive or intermittent infusions in advanced but stable chronic HF, without clear indication...
Pulmonary hypertension is a multifactorial disease with a high morbidity and mortality.
As a calcium sensitizer and inodilator that augments cardiac contractility without increasing myocardial oxygen demand or exacerbating ischaemia, levosimendan may be well configured to deliver inotropic support in cases of acute heart failure (AHF).
Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is associated with high morbidity and mortality.
Intermittent levosimendan improved LVEF and decreased hospitalizations in advanced heart failure and represents a therapeutic option for patients whose disease is worsening.