Objective: Previous studies suggested that hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays an important role in the progression of inflammation and remodeling of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis.
Increased activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway leads to numerous hallmarks of cancer and this pathway represents an attractive target for novel anticancer therapies. In NSCLC, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway has been heavily implicated in both tumorigenesis and the progression of disease.
Pemetrexed (PEM) improves the overall survival of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) when administered as maintenance therapy. However, PEM resistance often appears during the therapy.
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy worldwide although exponential progress has been made in its treatment over the last decade. New agents and novel combination treatments are on the horizon.