NBTXR3 Crystalline Nanoparticles and Radiation Therapy in Treating Patients With Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity or Oropharynx

Cancers of the oral cavity represent 30% of head and neck carcinomas in the western world. The oropharynx is the posterior continuation of the oral cavity and connects with the nasopharynx (above) and laryngopharynx (below). It is also a frequent site of primary head and neck cancers. These structures play a crucial role in swallowing, breath and speech. Locally advanced oropharyngeal cancers can obstruct the air flow or infiltrate muscles or nerves, which significantly disturb local functions. The incidence of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer in patients older 65 years is high, 47% occurred in this population as recorded by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries in the United States. Regarding the therapeutic strategies, the association of radiotherapy with chemotherapy or biologics has demonstrated significant improvement of outcomes with the drawback of higher toxicity, or as demonstrated by 2 meta-analyses, without survival improvement in older patients. NBTXR3 and radiation therapy may increase the cancer cell killing and complete tumor shrinkage allowing a definitive treatment and preservation of local structures and functions in patients older 65 years, who cannot receive cisplatin.