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Combination of acalabrutinib with lenalidomide and rituximab in relapsed/refractory aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a single-arm phase II trial

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Published:29th Mar 2024
Author: Park C, Lee HS, Kang KW, Lee WS, Do YR, Kwak JY et al.
Availability: Free full text
Ref.:Nat Commun. 2024 Mar 30;15(1):2776.
DOI:10.1038/s41467-024-47198-4
Combination of acalabrutinib with lenalidomide and rituximab in relapsed/refractory aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a single-arm phase II trial 


Potential synergism between Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor and lenalidomide in treating aggressive B-cell lymphoma has been suggested. Here, the authors report a single-arm phase II clinical trial of combination of acalabrutinib, lenalidomide and rituximab (R2A) in patients with aggressive relapsed/refractory aggressive (R/R) B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The primary endpoint of this study is objective response rate (ORR), and the secondary endpoints are complete remission (CR) rate, duration of response (DoR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). A total of 66 patients are enrolled mostly with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The ORR is 54.5% and CR rate is 31.8% meeting the primary end point. The median DoR is 12.9 months, and 1-year PFS and OS rate is 33.1% and 67.5% respectively. Adverse events (AE) are manageable with the most frequent AE being neutropenia (31.8%). Patients with MYD88 mutations, subtypes known for NF-κB activation, and high BTK expression by immunohistochemistry respond well. Overall, these results show a significant efficacy of the R2A regimen in patients with aggressive R/R B-cell NHL, with exploratory biomarkers suggesting potential associations with response. (ClinicalTrials.gov 51 identifier: NCT04094142).


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